Things on this page are fragmentary and immature notes/thoughts of the author. Please read with your own judgement!
Please refer to Command Line Tools for Mac File System for the macOS version.
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List disk information.
df df /HOME
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Format disk partitions.
mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb3 mkfs.ntfs /dev/sdb3 mkfs.exfat /dev/sdb3
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Management disk partition tables.
fdisk /dev/sdb
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Report disk usage.
du -lhd 1 .
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dd
dd if=... of=... bs=1M; sync
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badblocks
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lsblk
References
How To – Linux List Disk Partitions Command
10 Commands to Check Disk Partitions and Disk Space on Linux