Things on this page are fragmentary and immature notes/thoughts of the author. Please read with your own judgement!
Data Science
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pandas: data frame.
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scipy: scientific computing.
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numpy: multi-dimensional arrays, fundation of pandas and deep learning packages.
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re: regular expression
File System
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shutil: copy, move and remove files.
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tempfile: create temporary files and directories.
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pathlib
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loguru: logging made (stupidly) easy for Python. It is a much better alternative than the built-in logging module.
Python Developing Tools
Visualization
Documentation & Reporting
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sphinx
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Pweave: R knitr equivalence in Python.
Database
Date/Time
Python Modules for Date and Time
High Performance Computing
Command-line Arguments Parsing
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argparse: Parser for command-line options, arguments and sub-commands.
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curses
Machine Learning
Please refer to Machine Learning Frameworks for more details.
GUI application
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PyQt
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PySide
Calling Shell
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os.system
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subprocess: subprocess management.
Encryption
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gnupg
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pycrypto
Unit Testing
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pytest: the best unit testing framework for Python.
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unittest: built-in unit testing framework.
Data Structure
Network/Graph
Misc
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inspect: check class, function definition and so on.
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tqdm A Fast, Extensible Progress Bar for Python and CLI